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问:集合 {1,2,3,4,5,…,2025} 有多少种子集,这些子集中的所有元素之和能被 9 整除?

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发表于 2024-10-20 10:11 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
对于集合{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ..., 2025}, 有多少种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。注:空集为0, 视为可以被9整除。
发表于 2024-10-21 09:53 | 显示全部楼层
(2^2024-1)/9*2+2
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 楼主| 发表于 2024-10-21 18:54 | 显示全部楼层
(2^2024-1)/9*2+2。
428054148241029942045143931291765000561132731301459789701704785923489665175383500168021538675134890128357118512814548538712919541868778349228543074746241
610853286284437457668672007954788070945035034519280116658320384452325007912267073500081413006391400517965052343806199068173985230469817685450436326270441
504509361448133553672962384575798372359490077168760326942838637819966027375174367615252847047172349250660255269454079963864198673464214085266374185525487
359778445637023592262926699811905316926684242865013820021654964102602910372927959965668339059582492293280170139069088900334021845819528812247562554938.
正确答案。详见——OEIS——A068030。
428054148241029942045143931291765000561132731301459789701704785923489665175383500168021538675134890128357118512814548538712919541868778349228543074746241
610853286284437457668672007954788070945035034519280116658320384452325007912267073500081413006391400517965052343806199068173985230469817685450436326270441
504509361448133553672962384575798372359490077168760326942838637819966027375174367615252847047172349285496758811906292848826690416764762384091133528614311
972993845108072981534511057114052245344880738578320505104144734208501419347176685865330793967806760659046411596487518256619105106354303818136803082240.
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 楼主| 发表于 2024-10-21 20:41 | 显示全部楼层
问:集合 {1,2,3,4,5,…,2025} 有多少种子集,这些子集中的所有元素之和能被 9 整除?

先从简单算起。

对于集合{1}, 有1种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。注:空集为0, 视为可以被9整除。

对于集合{1,2}, 有1种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。注:空集为0, 视为可以被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3}, 有1种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。注:空集为0, 视为可以被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3,4}, 有2种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3,4,5}, 有4种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3,4,5,6}, 有8种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}, 有15种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}, 有30种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。

对于集合{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, 有60种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被9整除。

......

1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, 116, 230, 458, 912, 1824, 3648, 7286, 14572, 29144, 58264, 116524, 233044, 466048, 932096, 1864192, 3728300, 7456600, 14913200, 29826224, 59652440, 119304872, 238609408, 477218816, 954437632, ...,

OEIS——A068030——给出了前3321个解。
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 楼主| 发表于 2024-10-22 16:22 | 显示全部楼层
OEIS——A068030——给出了3321个——佩服点赞!
58394654153604632263199801266558038027784551734091191988732887341129715290454988363642988441459641241927467680759233692800855353376830663420504805672523873100194358316
44919566685170937124448191412429775601306330601483813877586022514928454439541325500555570103630400214276784935847900420667644835426868924691605841333647938562783906324
82025310457323179171393424909606743975498305026090221373215020638932522162158622443499494928518763798454761356868209462352329262094719665464094986896561683268721746103
07752969469717799333583655385194200383177318442786634743973251670193883444161580780504136570108734932485888012618187794153039710510120518016730415584134721223320480707
13231036275655243364220510422054845775500833100580220860893649004615673270951321547586910376281434791417611686271158059069427593006352031094696240225738699183571788116
98462375536686631510642540726840336351822851890305756347438172524993007189519137972076665801184450108699755503537594803201001286955487211418963129435948261593579520.
  1. CoefficientList[Series[(1 - x - x^2 - 3 x^3 + 2 x^4 + 2 x^5 + 2 x^6 - x^7 - 2 x^9 + 4 x^12)/((1 - 2 x) (1 - 2 x^3) (1 - 2 x^9)), {x, 0, 7788}], x]
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356372428080397618710255457109547405723683392028597294863002736363200228585591764639976515751187994877288205382576542478333017256817057477427612833896319751882845548632
488252649522407302065245310239513593875378795708176820441035544194989887981064013115419177686101095789124234154523105270043925356370461762166836488109028531389253066561
657804596559225243918777662196542636480678408218887937279384419867002250796599145956661568390483847081961537121947368248944724027149480719239106683568176270345450169623
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488465443525939035843329109632586422639889219695765684078766715917659186985990944983306860455437657449293741207745468541289070913282485879964681683693270429902998223446
181504240058076577849958296707409852169223655337029370379863593511705378459323490673030806561270262988489496980508935812178769063420310342526204989351334899260806209197
255378274403662783093466360306948751295434483544666173996983534638690814460752316171644653134471485756902620813861864277903104275274479065098247027726947377716967493388
781199572842449774720496370081791161646539826322539144830113956803602839243080567019423580274762959874844016892072017263928190538322404212887086445841595978756905909179
471152403899168588011391227427949986501426707193366721140618222159865373281047704805553902058475974050707567770408559526727150074057144839016250471441316962142340121608
431588346196255325450980554390186561050462148879745338393959988995493178228416782157594722117203192046047796758608644034069886341291750844528938150381153973194643656255
369212631362430257183128955153126603520275991837312129646451669301642170732421073741739191421848572562286034937021559539671419707389782438822375629837291239700506767008
604064997515732706351076255302204004553482622799998151961502590560239642081520763527763646734679418138737622598105094027704834656845063545729136421214534144579187215176
1970557556426519263776996767250531759211765048921370580713277701958529462567961025794011553928071181520922909260263613363507385878892774550728435102800253288448.
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 楼主| 发表于 2024-10-23 18:39 | 显示全部楼层
对于集合{1, 2, 3, ..., n}, 有多少种子集, 能满足其中所有元素的和能被a整除。

a=1,  {2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536, 131072, 262144, 524288, 1048576, 2097152, 4194304, 8388608, 16777216, 33554432, 67108864},
a=2,  {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536, 131072, 262144, 524288, 1048576, 2097152, 4194304, 8388608, 16777216, 33554432},
a=3,  {1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 44, 88, 176, 344, 688, 1376, 2736, 5472, 10944, 21856, 43712, 87424, 174784, 349568, 699136, 1398144, 2796288, 5592576, 11184896, 22369792},
a=4,  {1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536, 131072, 262144, 524288, 1048576, 2097152, 4194304, 8388608, 16777216},
a=5,  {1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 14, 26, 52, 104, 208, 412, 820, 1640, 3280, 6560, 13112, 26216, 52432, 104864, 209728, 419440, 838864, 1677728, 3355456, 6710912, 13421792},
a=6,  {1, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 22, 44, 88, 172, 344, 688, 1368, 2736, 5472, 10928, 21856, 43712, 87392, 174784, 349568, 699072, 1398144, 2796288, 5592448, 11184896},
a=7,  {1, 1, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 38, 74, 146, 294, 586, 1172, 2344, 4684, 9364, 18724, 37452, 74900, 149800, 299600, 599192, 1198376, 2396744, 4793496, 9586984},
a=8,  {1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536, 131072, 262144, 524288, 1048576, 2097152, 4194304, 8388608},
a=9,  {1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, 116, 230, 458, 912, 1824, 3648, 7286, 14572, 29144, 58264, 116524, 233044, 466048, 932096, 1864192, 3728300, 7456600},
a=10,{1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 7, 13, 26, 52, 104, 206, 410, 820, 1640, 3280, 6556, 13108, 26216, 52432, 104864, 209720, 419432, 838864, 1677728, 3355456, 6710896},
a=11,{1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 47, 94, 188, 374, 746, 1490, 2978, 5958, 11916, 23832, 47664, 95326, 190652, 381304, 762604, 1525204, 3050404, 6100804},
a=12,{1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 6, 11, 22, 44, 86, 172, 344, 684, 1368, 2736, 5464, 10928, 21856, 43696, 87392, 174784, 349536, 699072, 1398144, 2796224, 5592448},
a=13,{1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 39, 79, 158, 316, 632, 1262, 2522, 5042, 10082, 20164, 40330, 80660, 161320, 322638, 645278, 1290556, 2581112, 5162224},
  1. Table[Count[Subsets[Range[n]], _?(Divisible[Total[#], a] &)], {a, 13}, {n, 26}]
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 楼主| 发表于 2024-12-19 11:56 | 显示全部楼层
对于集合{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ..., 2025}, 取其中的25个不同数, 满足这25个数能组成等差数列(公差>0), 有多少种取法?
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