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参考文献
[1] Satyendra Nath Bose, “Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese,” Zeitschrift für Physik 26 (1924): 178–81, doi:10.1007/BF01327326. The article was translated into English in Satyendranath Bose, “Planck's Law and the Light Quantum Hypothesis,” Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy 15 (1924): 3–7, doi:10.1007/BF03010400.
[2] Bose is quoted to this effect in Giuseppe Bruzzaniti, Enrico Fermi: The Obedient Genius (New York: Springer, 2010), 82.
[3] Abraham Pais, Subtle Is the Lord: The Science and the Life of Albert Einstein (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), 428.
[4] Max Planck, “Zur Theorie des Gesetzes der Energieverteilung im Normalspectrum,” Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft 2 (1900): 146–151, doi:10.1002/phbl.19480040404; Niels Bohr, “On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules, Part I,” Philosophical Magazine 26, no. 151 (1913): 1–24, doi:10.1080/14786441308634955; Niels Bohr, “On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules, Part II,” Philosophical Magazine 26, no. 153 (1913): 476–502, doi:10.1080/14786441308634993; Niels Bohr, “On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules, Part III,” Philosophical Magazine 26, no. 155 (1913): 857–75, doi:10.1080/14786441308635031.
[5] Meghnad Saha and Satyendra Nath Basu, “On the Influence of the Finite Volume of Molecules on the Equation of State (with S. N. Bose),” Philosophical Magazine Sr. VI, 36, no. 212 (1918): 199–202, doi:10.1080/14786440808635814.
[6] Wolfgang Pauli, “Uber das thermische Gleichgewicht zwischen Strahlung und freien Elektronen,” Zeitschrift für Physik 18 (1923): 272–86, doi:10.1007/BF01327708.
[7] Bose, “Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese”; “Planck's Law and Light Quantum Hypothesis,” Observations on Quantum Computing & Physics, June 10, 2012.
[8] Albert Einstein, “Quantentheorie des einatomigen idealen Gases [Quantum Theory of the Monatomic Ideal Gas],” Konigliche Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften: Sitzungsberichte (1924): 261–67; Albert Einstein, “Quantentheorie des einatomigen idealen Gases. Zweite Ab-handlung, Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Berlin),” Physikalisch-mathematische Klasse (1925): 3–14; Albert Einstein, “Zur Quantentheorie des idealen Gases [On the Quantum Theory of the Ideal Gas], Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (Berlin),” Physikalisch-mathematische Klasse (1925): 18–25.
[9] Planck quoted in Abraham Pais, Niels Bohr's Times: In Physics, Philosophy, and Polity (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991), 86.
[10] Planck quoted in Pais, Subtle Is the Lord, 384.
[11] Albert Einstein, Doc. 14, “On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transmission of Light (Uber einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gisichtspunkt), Annalen der Physik 17 (1905),” in The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein: Vol. 2 The Swiss Years: Writings, 1900–1909, trans. Anna Beck (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989), 97.
[12] Wladyslaw Natanson, “Uber die statistische Theorie der Strahlung [About the Statistical Theory of Radiation],” Physikalische Zeitschrift 12 (1911): 659–66; Paul Ehrenfest and Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, “Simplified Deduction of the Formula from the Theory of Combinations which Planck Uses as the Basis of his Radiation Theory,” Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences 17 (1914): 870–73.
[13] Robert Millikan, “A Direct Photoelectric Determination of Planck's‘h’,” Physical Review 7, no. 3 (1916): 383, doi:10.1103/physrev.7.355.
[14] Quoted in Kameshwar Wali, ed., Satyendra Nath Bose—His Life and Times: Selected Works (With Commentary) (Singapore: World Scientific Publishing, 2009), 303.
[15] Bohr, “On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules, Part I.”
[16] Max Planck, “Zür Theorie des Gesetzes der Energieverteilung im Normalspectrum [On the Theory of the Energy Distribution Law of the Normal Spectrum],” Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft 2 (1900): 237–45; Max Planck, “Zur Theorie der Warmestrahlung [On the Theory of Thermal Radiation],” Annalen der Physik 4, no. 31 (1910): 758–68, doi:10.1002/andp.19103360406; Peter Debye, “Der Wahrscheinlichkeitsbegriff in der Theorie der Strahlung [The Concept of Probability in the Theory of Radiation],” Annalen der Physik 338, no. 16 (1910): 1,427–34, doi:10.1002/andp.19103381617; Peter Debye, “Zerstreuung von Rontgenstrahlen und Quantentheorie [Scattering of X-rays and Quantum Theory],” Physikalische Zeitschrift 24 (1923): 161–66; Albert Einstein, “Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung [On the Quantum Theory of Radiation],” Physikalische Zeitschrift 18 (1917): 121–28; Wolfgang Pauli, “Uber das thermische Gleichgewicht zwischen Strahlung und freien Elektronen [About the Thermal Equilibrium between Radiation and Free Electrons],” Zeitschrift für Physik 18 (1923): 272–86, doi:10.1007/bf01327708; Albert Einstein and Paul Ehrenfest, “Zur Quantentheorie des Strahlungsgleichgewichts [On the Quantum Theory of Radiation Equilibrium],” Zeitschrift für Physik 19 (1923): 301–306, doi:10.1007/bf01327565.
[17] A facsimile of the letter is available in Somaditya Banerjee, “Bhadralok Physics and the Making of Modern Science in Colonial India” (PhD thesis, University of British Columbia, 2018), Appendix C.
[18] Banerjee, “Bhadralok Physics,” 93.
[19] A facsimile of the German original is available in Banerjee, “Bhadralok Physics,” Appendix D.
[20] Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman and Suri Bhagavantam, “Experimental Proof of the Spin of the Photon,” Indian Journal of Physics 6 (1931): 353.
[21] Paul Dirac, The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, 3rd edn. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1947).
[22] See Pais, Subtle Is the Lord, 436–37.
[23] He presented his results at the Konigliche Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften meetings on July 10, 1924; January 8, 1925; and January 29, 1925.
[24] “Press Release: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001,” NobelPrize.org.
[25] David Aveline et al., “Observation of Bose–Einstein Condensates in an Earth-Orbiting Research Lab,” Nature 582, no. 7,811 (2020): 193–97, doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2346-1.
[26] Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for this work in 1972.
[27] Paul Sutter, “From Squarks to Gluinos: It's Not Looking Good for Supersymmetry,” Space.com, January 7, 2021; and Scott Hershberger, “The Status of Supersymmetry,” Supersymmetry: Dimensions of Particle Physics, January 12, 2021.
[28] Wali, Satyendra Nath Bose, 279–80.
[29] Wali, Satyendra Nath Bose, 453.
[30] This fact can be gleaned from memoirs by chemists who worked under Bose's guidance such as Pratul Chandra Rakshit, Periye Elam (1995), and Asima Chatterjee, “Contributions of Professor S N Bose, FRS in Chemistry,” Science and Culture 40, no. 7 (1974): 295–97. See also A. K. Bose and Purnima Sengupta, “X-Ray and Differential Thermal Studies of Some Indian Montmorillonites,” Nature 174 (1954): 40–41, doi:10.1038/174040a0.
[31] Chanchal Kumar Majumdar et al., eds., S. N. Bose: The Man and His Work, Part II: Life, Lectures and Addresses, Miscellaneous Pieces (Calcutta: S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, 1994), 63.
[32] Bose and Sengupta, “X-Ray and Differential Thermal Studies of Some Indian Montmorillonites.”
[33] See Paul Ratner, “Landau Genius Scale Ranking of the Smartest Physicists Ever,” Big Think: Hard Science, September 28, 2020.
[34] See Santimay Chatterjee and Chanchal Kumar Majumdar, eds., S. N. Bose: The Man and His Work, Part I: Collected Scientific Papers (Calcutta: S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, 1994), 274–95.
[35] Hubert Goenner, “On the History of Unified Field Theories,” Living Reviews in Relativity 7, no. 2 (2004): 1–153, doi:10.12942/lrr-2004-2.
[36] Binay Malkar, “The Forgotten Quantum Indian,” The Statesman, December 19, 2018. For further reading, see Chatterjee and Majumdar, eds., S. N. Bose: The Man and His Work, Parts I and II; the Prof. S. N. Bose Archive at the S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences; Jagdish Mehra, “Satyendra Nath Bose,” Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 21 (1975): 116–54, doi:10.1098/rsbm.1975.0002; Wali, Satyendra Nath Bose.
作者简介:Patha Ghose 是加尔各答泰戈尔自然科学与哲学中心的杰出研究员,也是印度国家科学院和西孟加拉邦科学技术学院的研究员。他于 1999 年退休,担任加尔各答玻色国家国家基础科学中心的教授和学术项目协调员。他在玻色的指导下完成了博士论文,专门研究量子力学和经典偏振光学的基础。
本文经作者授权翻译发表于《返朴》,译自 Partha Ghose, Satyendra Nath Bose: Counting in the Dark ,
原文链接: https://inference-review.com/art ... he-dark#footnote-17。
原创 Patha Ghose 返朴 2024-01-24 08:03 发表于北京 |
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